Radiator.



. A. NEWMAN RADIATOR.

APrLIoATIoN FILED 11111.13, 191s Patented 891113111913.

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ERNESTA. NEWMAN, or wonnen, MASSACHUSETTS. Y

n RADIATOR. i

, Specification of Letters Patent; Y

Patented Sept. 95,1913.

Application med January 153, i913'. serial* Np. migceo.

To all whom t may concern: 1

Be it known that LVERNEST AJNEWMAN,

a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Woburn, in the county of Middle? sex and State of lfassachusetts, have in'- vented an Improvementin Radiators, of

which the following description, in 'connec-` tion with the accompanying drawings, iis a specification, lilrechai'acters on the draw? n Y culation about the room, those portions of y rlhis invention relates to radiators and par? ticularly to steam radiators, theA object thereings representing like'parts.

of being to provide means for'varying or reducing at will the effective radiating surel face thereof, thus controlling thetempera'- ture of the rooni wherein the radiator' is -lo cat-cd and also reducing the consumption of Steam in moderate weather, with resulting economy of fuel.L i

In order that the principle vof the inventioii may be readily understood, l have disclosed a single embodiment thereoffin the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a View partially in planl and partially in transverse longitudinal' section of a steam radiator embodying my i'nveng tion; Fig. 2 is a view of said radiator partially in side elevation and partially in' longitudinal vertical section; F ig. 3 isa verti-` cal transverse section taken4 through-'one of the radiator Sections; and" Fig. 4L is a longitudinal transverse section upon the line The proper'regulation of thetei'nperature of a room wherein a steam radiatoriis lo-4 cated is al matter of great' difiiculty,` particularly during moderate prweather.: Tl'iel fundamental requirement of a steam radiator is the use of steam', which has approxi-- mately a temperature of 2120 F. If steaml `be admitted to suoli a radiator, it will by radiation heat the air of the room wherein' it is located, to a degree too highk for com surface'is lessened, the heat radiated,y iscor-l respondingly lessened,fa1id the amount of steam that will beK condensed within the radiator is' also correspondingly reduced.

In the course of my experiments to overcome the objection to which l have referred, I have `discovered that "if the air cont-acting or .closely adjacent to the supercial portions ofthe .radiator be there confined 1n heated condition and yprevented from cirried out in variousfvi'fays and with various typesv of.' radiators, bot-h of steam and of Vother types.l I have, however, shown my invention as applied to a steam radiator composed of upright sections and have so constructed said sections that their outer walls constitute an inclosing chamber to which cold air may be admitted at the bottom and from-"which the exit' of the air may be prevented. In this manner, the conned air' is heated as described, and when the .temperature thereof approximates the temperature of the contacting radiating surface, such surface ceases to act as a radiating surface and thev radiationr continues only from the remaining ,area ofthe radiator surface; n n

Referring more particularly to the figures of the drawing, the end sections of the radiator are represented at l and 2 andi the intervening sectionsat 3, they being provided with suitable inlet and outlet passages. 'These sections may be of aiiyksuitable` form structure and arrangement desired by the l manufacturer.

n have herein represented them as' connected at their lower ends lo-y nipples at' and have shown theend sections as supportedE upon feet' 5; At suitable Joints as for instance. near the un er `'ends ofthe sections, I may provide tie rods'' or f othersuitable means to hold the vsections in i place.` Each radiator sectionlniay have any suitalile numberY of upright passages. In Fig: 3, I haverepresented one of the sections: as provided with upright` communicatingpjassages 7, 8,- 9V and' 10', through which the Vsteam `circulates and between whichl are passages 1l, l2A and 13' for the.

circulation off air about the steam passages and which at the bottom between the scctions are in open communication with the air of the room, as indicated at 13', thus permitting the free entrance of air between the sections.

By reference to Fig. 1, it will be noted that the outer walls of adjoining sections contact as indicated at 14, 15, thus preventing the lateral escape of the air from between the sections and compelling it to pass upward and to escape at the top of the sections. i p A At some suitable point between the top and bottom of the radiator, as, for example, within the chamber lthereof. I position means to prevent the escapeiof the heated air from the top of the radiator," thus confin ing it wholly -between the sections thereof.

rFor thispurpose, I have represented adamper 17 having preferably a number of openings 1S corresponding with the number of sections and-positioned flatwise upon a plate 17 secured uponthe top of the sections and having openings 18. Vhen these openings 1S are brought into register with the open-VA ings 18 and the spaces between the sections,

then the air admitted atv the vbottom of the radiator is permitted freely 'to' pass out at the top thereof and the normal radiating surface is maintained. If, however, the damper is shifted so as to bring the openings thereof out of register with the spaces between thek sections, then the air is confined, and when it hasbeen broughtto substantially the temperature of the radiator walls, the air then serves as a blanketing or insulating means preventing further radiation of heat from the entire surface of each section, excepting the outer surface thereof, which is directly exposed to the air of the room.y

' The damper may be held in position and guided in its movement in any suitable manner, as by the provision of a slot 19 and bolt 20, and it may be operated in any suitable manner by means of a properly located handle 21 here shown as between the first and second radiating sections and concealed from observation. It is, however, to be understood that the damper may be operated in any suitable manner. In order to prevent the escape of the air from the endsof the radiator, the two end sections 1, 2 have closed upright walls 22, 23. Thus when the damper 17 is closed the air is wholly conlined between the sections, as it cannot escape throughlthe open bottom, because itis lighter than the air of the room. If desired,

however, I may provide a damper adj acentl and controlling the admission openings 13', thus absolutely conning the heated air. It

-will be observed that I have provided means,

herein embodied in the cross portion of the sections above the damper and constituting top radiating walls, to direct air issuing through the damper into contact with the portions of the sections located above the damper. I am thereby enabled additionally to heat the air discharged through the damper. Obviously, said air directing means may be embodied in any suitable form.

- The confined'rheated air acts, as it were, as an insulation applied to the inside radiating surface. The condensation of steam against such inside radiating surface is largely decreased when the damper'is closed and there forev a less amount of. steam is used. Material saving of fuel is thus e'ected.

f Obviously, when the damper is partially opened, there vis a slight or restricted circulation, and therefore degrees of temperature may be obtained which-are intermediate the maximum temperature occurring when the damper is fully opened and the minimum temperature occurring when the damper is fully closed.

The damper 17 may be positioned at any suitablerpart of the radiator, as, for example, upon the top of the sections but underneath `a correspondingly apertured secondary top or casing instead of as shown, in

which case the air passages 11, 12, 13 may be lcontinued uninterrupted to the top ofthe sections. Y The openings 13 at the bottom betweenV the sections for the admission of air may be made as large as desired by suitably tapering or otherwise shaping the saidv portions ofthe said sections.

I am aware that it has been heretofore proposed to provide a steam radiator with sections contacting at their outer-portions to compel the air to enter at the lower portion ofthe sections and permitting its escape onlyV at the upper portion thereof, but in such case a constant circulation of air has existed, and there has been no confinement ofV heated air to effect the purpose of my invention. i

n From the foregoing description, it will be clear that when the damper is closed, the radiating surface is limited to the outer surfaces of the passages 7, 10, and as the outer surfaces of said Vpassages 7, 10 are of relatively small extent compared with the entire surface of said sections, namely, the entire surfaces of the passages 7, 8, 9, 10, it follows that far less heat is radiated, less steam is required to maintain the lessened radiating surface atY the proper temperature because of the lessened steam condensation and the temperature of the room is thus readily controlled.

The radiator herein disclosed is of simple yet eective construction and being of few parts is not liable to get out of order.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims.

l. A steam radiator composed of a series of communicating sections having outer, exposed side walls and top radiating walls between which latter the heated air may be discharged, the adjoining side walls of said sections being in continuous contact and the end sections having closed rend walls, said sections having inner radiating wallsand means for admitting air thereto at the lower whollyl to prevent the egress of air fromA said radiator, and means above said damper to direct air issuing therethrough into contact with the portions of said sections thereabove.

3. A steam radiator composed of a series of communicating sections having outer, eX- posed side walls in continuous contact, and inner radiating walls, the end sections of said series having closed end walls, means for admitting air to the lower portion of the radiator, a damper below but adjacent vthe top of said sections and adapted, when closed, wholly to prevent the egress of air from said radiator and means extending transversely of the radiator above said damper to direct air issuing through the latter into contact with the portions of said sections above the damper.V

4. A steam radiator composed of a plurality of sections each having a plurality of spaced, upright steam passages providing upright air passages therebetween, the walls of the outer steam passages of said sections being in continuous contact and constituting closed side radiator walls, and the end secc tions of the radiator having closed end walls, the radiator being provided with an air ingress opening at its lower portion and the sections having transverse air-defiecting, connecting portions at their top between which the airis discharged, and a damper adjacent the top of the radiator ybut below said connecting portions, and adapted, when closed, wholly to prevent the egress of air from the radiator.

5. A steam radiator composed of a series of communicating sections having outer, eX- posed side walls and top radiating walls between which latter the heated air may be discharged, the adjoining side walls of said sections being in continuous contact and the end sections having closed end walls, means for admitting air to the lower portion of the radiator and a damper adjacent the top or' the radiator but below the top radiating walls, and adapted, when closed, wholly to prevent the egress of air from the radiator. In testimony whereof, I have signedmy name to this'specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNEST A. NEWMAN. Witnessesi IRVING U. T'owNsEND, ROBERT H. KAMMLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtainedk for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ID.k C. l 

